One Pot Ground Beef Pasta

For the seasoning

• 2 tsp brown sugar
• 2 tsp dried mint or Italian seasoning
• 1 tsp garlic powder
• 1 tsp ground cinnamon
• 1 tsp sweet paprika or pul biber
• 1 tsp salt
• ½ tsp ground black pepper

For the stock

• 960 ml (4 cups) boiling water * see note 1
• 2 small beef stock cubes

For the pasta and sauce

• 3 tbsp olive oil , or as needed
• 1 onion , finely chopped
• 4 garlic cloves , minced
• 500 g (1 lb 2oz) lean ground beef
• 400 g (14 oz) can crushed tomatoes (chopped tomatoes)
• 2 tbsp tomato paste
• 350 g (12 oz) pasta such as penne, rigatoni etc.
• 1 bay leaf
• 6 tbsp freshly grated parmesan , divided
• 2 tbsp Chopped parsley or basil , to garnish